22. Which model should we deploy?#
Here, we use the ucimlrepo library to load a dataset.
from ucimlrepo import fetch_ucirepo
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import pandas as pd
from sklearn import datasets
from sklearn import cluster
from sklearn import svm
from sklearn import tree
# import the whole model selection module
from sklearn import model_selection
from myst_nb import glue
from IPython.display import Markdown
sns.set_theme(palette='colorblind')
# fetch dataset
phishing_websites = fetch_ucirepo(id=327)
First, let’s learn about the data a little:
Show code cell source
# metadata was a dictionary, so I put it in a df to make it easier to read
md_meta = ''
for section, value in phishing_websites.metadata.items():
md_meta += '### ' + section.title()
md_meta += '\n\n' + str(value) + '\n\n'
Markdown(md_meta)
Uci_Id
327
Name
Phishing Websites
Repository_Url
https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/327/phishing+websites
Data_Url
https://archive.ics.uci.edu/static/public/327/data.csv
Abstract
This dataset collected mainly from: PhishTank archive, MillerSmiles archive, Google’s searching operators.
Area
Computer Science
Tasks
[‘Classification’]
Characteristics
[‘Tabular’]
Num_Instances
11055
Num_Features
30
Feature_Types
[‘Integer’]
Demographics
[]
Target_Col
[‘result’]
Index_Col
None
Has_Missing_Values
no
Missing_Values_Symbol
None
Year_Of_Dataset_Creation
2012
Last_Updated
Tue Mar 05 2024
Dataset_Doi
10.24432/C51W2X
Creators
[‘Rami Mohammad’, ‘Lee McCluskey’]
Intro_Paper
{‘ID’: 396, ‘type’: ‘NATIVE’, ‘title’: ‘An assessment of features related to phishing websites using an automated technique’, ‘authors’: ‘R. Mohammad, F. Thabtah, L. Mccluskey’, ‘venue’: ‘International Conference for Internet Technology and Secured Transactions’, ‘year’: 2012, ‘journal’: None, ‘DOI’: None, ‘URL’: ‘https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/An-assessment-of-features-related-to-phishing-using-Mohammad-Thabtah/0c0ff58063f4e078714ea74f112bc709ba9fed06’, ‘sha’: None, ‘corpus’: None, ‘arxiv’: None, ‘mag’: None, ‘acl’: None, ‘pmid’: None, ‘pmcid’: None}
Additional_Info
{‘summary’: ‘One of the challenges faced by our research was the unavailability of reliable training datasets. In fact this challenge faces any researcher in the field. However, although plenty of articles about predicting phishing websites have been disseminated these days, no reliable training dataset has been published publically, may be because there is no agreement in literature on the definitive features that characterize phishing webpages, hence it is difficult to shape a dataset that covers all possible features. \r\nIn this dataset, we shed light on the important features that have proved to be sound and effective in predicting phishing websites. In addition, we propose some new features.’, ‘purpose’: None, ‘funded_by’: None, ‘instances_represent’: None, ‘recommended_data_splits’: None, ‘sensitive_data’: None, ‘preprocessing_description’: None, ‘variable_info’: ‘For Further information about the features see the features file in the data folder.’, ‘citation’: None}
# variable information
print(phishing_websites.variables)
name role type demographic description \
0 having_ip_address Feature Integer None None
1 url_length Feature Integer None None
2 shortining_service Feature Integer None None
3 having_at_symbol Feature Integer None None
4 double_slash_redirecting Feature Integer None None
5 prefix_suffix Feature Integer None None
6 having_sub_domain Feature Integer None None
7 sslfinal_state Feature Integer None None
8 domain_registration_length Feature Integer None None
9 favicon Feature Integer None None
10 port Feature Integer None None
11 https_token Feature Integer None None
12 request_url Feature Integer None None
13 url_of_anchor Feature Integer None None
14 links_in_tags Feature Integer None None
15 sfh Feature Integer None None
16 submitting_to_email Feature Integer None None
17 abnormal_url Feature Integer None None
18 redirect Feature Integer None None
19 on_mouseover Feature Integer None None
20 rightclick Feature Integer None None
21 popupwindow Feature Integer None None
22 iframe Feature Integer None None
23 age_of_domain Feature Integer None None
24 dnsrecord Feature Integer None None
25 web_traffic Feature Integer None None
26 page_rank Feature Integer None None
27 google_index Feature Integer None None
28 links_pointing_to_page Feature Integer None None
29 statistical_report Feature Integer None None
30 result Target Integer None None
units missing_values
0 None no
1 None no
2 None no
3 None no
4 None no
5 None no
6 None no
7 None no
8 None no
9 None no
10 None no
11 None no
12 None no
13 None no
14 None no
15 None no
16 None no
17 None no
18 None no
19 None no
20 None no
21 None no
22 None no
23 None no
24 None no
25 None no
26 None no
27 None no
28 None no
29 None no
30 None no
Next, we can pull out the features and targets:
# data (as pandas dataframes)
phishing_X = phishing_websites.data.features[:500]
phishing_y = phishing_websites.data.targets [:500]
rows,cols = phishing_X.shape
glue("num_rows", rows, display=False)
glue("num_cols",cols, display=False)
we imported only 500 rows of the data which has 30 variables
Now the target
phishing_y.shape
(500, 1)
phishing_X.head()
| having_ip_address | url_length | shortining_service | having_at_symbol | double_slash_redirecting | prefix_suffix | having_sub_domain | sslfinal_state | domain_registration_length | favicon | ... | rightclick | popupwindow | iframe | age_of_domain | dnsrecord | web_traffic | page_rank | google_index | links_pointing_to_page | statistical_report | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | -1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | 1 | -1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | 0 | 1 | -1 | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | 1 | 0 | -1 |
| 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | 1 |
| 4 | 1 | 0 | -1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | 1 | 1 | -1 | 1 | ... | 1 | -1 | 1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
5 rows × 30 columns
Now we can split into train and test data
phishing_X_train, phishing_X_test, phishing_y_train, phishing_y_test = model_selection.train_test_split(
phishing_X,phishing_y, test_size =.2)
and then we can fit and optimize models
# create dt,
dt = tree.DecisionTreeClassifier()
# set param grid
params_dt = {'criterion':['gini','entropy'],
'max_depth':list(range(4,45,3)),
'min_samples_leaf':list(range(2,20,2))}
# create optimizer
dt_opt = model_selection.GridSearchCV(dt,params_dt,cv=10)
# optimize the dt parameters
dt_opt.fit(phishing_X_train,phishing_y_train)
# store the results in a dataframe
dt_df = pd.DataFrame(dt_opt.cv_results_)
# create svm, its parameter grid and optimizer
svm_clf = svm.SVC()
param_grid = {'kernel':['linear','rbf'], 'C':[.5, .75,1,2,5,7, 10]}
svm_opt = model_selection.GridSearchCV(svm_clf,param_grid,cv=10)
# optmize the svm put the CV results in a dataframe
svm_opt.fit(phishing_X_train,phishing_y_train)
sv_df = pd.DataFrame(svm_opt.cv_results_)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.8.18/x64/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:1183: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
and then we can start to design our comparison analysis.
22.1. Overall Performance#
acc_dt = dt_opt.score(phishing_X_test,phishing_y_test) *100
acc_sv = svm_opt.score(phishing_X_test,phishing_y_test) *100
two_scores = pd.Series({'decision tree':acc_dt,
'support vector machine':acc_sv})
winner = two_scores.idxmax()
glue("dt_test", acc_dt, display=False)
glue("sv_test", acc_sv, display=False)
glue("best_model", winner, display=False)
The deciions tree test score was: 93.0 and the SVM test score was 91.0, so on performance alone, ‘decision tree’ is the better one.
22.2. Reliability#
dt_df.loc[dt_opt.best_index_]
mean_fit_time 0.002511
std_fit_time 0.000021
mean_score_time 0.003064
std_score_time 0.000017
param_criterion entropy
param_max_depth 31
param_min_samples_leaf 4
params {'criterion': 'entropy', 'max_depth': 31, 'min...
split0_test_score 0.925
split1_test_score 0.85
split2_test_score 0.9
split3_test_score 0.875
split4_test_score 0.95
split5_test_score 0.825
split6_test_score 0.9
split7_test_score 1.0
split8_test_score 0.975
split9_test_score 0.9
mean_test_score 0.91
std_test_score 0.051478
rank_test_score 1
Name: 208, dtype: object
dt_df['mean_test_score'].describe()
count 252.000000
mean 0.881290
std 0.011108
min 0.862500
25% 0.872500
50% 0.877500
75% 0.887500
max 0.910000
Name: mean_test_score, dtype: float64
Note
we discussed the ways to compare a model further, mostly reviewing and reinforcing what was covered in the last class